Bija

The Math Mistake Library

Every math mistake has a name.

Most apps hand your kid the answer and move on. Bija does the opposite — it reads the actual work and names the specific misconception behind a wrong answer, then points to the one skill that fixes it. Here are 30 of the ones we diagnose, in plain words. This library grows as real students practice.

See which ones your kid has — free 3-min checkup →About Bija

Signs & arithmetic

The negative-sign slips that quietly break everything above them.

Sign error distributing a negative

Didn't flip the sign of every term when multiplying a negative across parentheses — e.g. −(x − 3) became −x − 3 instead of −x + 3.

🌱 the fix: The Distributive Property

Dropped a negative sign

Lost a minus sign partway through, so the final answer has the wrong sign.

🌱 the fix: Adding & Subtracting Negatives

Sign error adding integers

Mixed up the rules for adding positive and negative numbers (e.g. −5 + 3).

🌱 the fix: Adding & Subtracting Negatives

Sign error multiplying negatives

Got the sign wrong multiplying or dividing negatives — two negatives make a positive (−6 × −5 = 30).

🌱 the fix: Multiplying & Dividing Negatives

Moved a term without changing its sign

Shifted a term across the equals sign but forgot it should switch from + to − (or the reverse).

🌱 the fix: Variables on Both Sides

Order-of-operations slip

Did the steps out of order — e.g. added before multiplying instead of following PEMDAS.

🌱 the fix: Order of Operations (PEMDAS)

Off-by-one error

The answer is one more or one less than it should be — often from miscounting terms or steps.

Careless arithmetic slip

The method was right; a small computation error (like 7×8) threw off the final number.

Expressions & equations

Combining, distributing, and moving terms — the grammar of algebra.

Combined unlike terms

Added terms that don't match — e.g. treated 3x + 2 as 5x. Only like terms can be combined.

🌱 the fix: Combining Like Terms

Distributed to only one term

Multiplied the outside factor by just the first term in the parentheses instead of every term.

🌱 the fix: The Distributive Property

Forgot to flip the inequality

Didn't reverse the < or > sign after multiplying or dividing both sides by a negative.

🌱 the fix: One-Step Inequalities

Fractions

Where 'flip and multiply' and 'reduce' go wrong.

Didn't flip when dividing fractions

Divided fractions without multiplying by the reciprocal ("flip and multiply").

🌱 the fix: Equations with Fractions

Swapped numerator and denominator

Flipped the fraction upside down at the wrong moment.

🌱 the fix: Multiplying & Dividing Fractions

Didn't reduce the fraction

The answer is correct but not simplified to lowest terms (e.g. left 6/8 instead of 3/4).

Exponents

Reading a power as a product, and the rules that follow.

Multiplied instead of using the power

Treated an exponent as multiplication — e.g. read 2³ as 2×3 = 6 instead of 2×2×2 = 8.

🌱 the fix: Order of Operations (PEMDAS)

Read an exponent as multiplication

Treated a power as a product — e.g. read 2³ as 2×3 = 6 instead of 2×2×2 = 8.

🌱 the fix: Intro to Exponents

Graphs & lines

Slope, coordinates, and what 'parallel' really requires.

Sign error reading slope

Read the slope with the wrong sign — a line going down should have a negative slope.

🌱 the fix: Slope from a Graph

Inverted the slope formula

Used run-over-rise instead of rise-over-run, so the slope came out flipped (e.g. 1/3 instead of 3).

🌱 the fix: Slope from Two Points

Sign error reading coordinates

Read a point's coordinates with the wrong sign — e.g. plotted (−3, 2) as if it were (3, 2).

🌱 the fix: The Coordinate Plane

Misidentified parallel lines

Called two lines parallel when their slopes differ — parallel lines must have equal slopes.

🌱 the fix: Parallel & Perpendicular Lines

Geometry & reasoning

Formulas, units, and the logic of if-then statements.

Confused area and perimeter

Used the perimeter formula where area was needed, or vice versa.

Mixed up degrees and radians

Used the wrong angle unit for the calculation.

Mixed up congruence criteria

Chose the wrong triangle-congruence rule (e.g. used SSA, or confused SAS with ASA).

Confused contrapositive with inverse

Mixed up the contrapositive of a statement ("if not-B then not-A") with its inverse ("if not-A then not-B").

Confused converse with contrapositive

Swapped the converse ("if B then A") for the contrapositive ("if not-B then not-A").

Confused converse with inverse

Swapped the converse ("if B then A") for the inverse ("if not-A then not-B") of a statement.

Quadratics

The two-solution nature of quadratics, and the ± that gets dropped.

Found only one solution

A quadratic usually has two solutions — stopped after finding one and missed the other.

🌱 the fix: Solving by Graphing

Forgot the ± when taking a square root

Took the square root of both sides but kept only the positive root, dropping the negative solution.

🌱 the fix: The Quadratic Formula

Sign error while factoring

Got the signs wrong inside the factors (e.g. (x−2)(x+3) instead of (x+2)(x−3)), so the roots came out wrong.

🌱 the fix: Factoring x² + bx + c

Sign error in the quadratic formula

Slipped a sign substituting into −b ± √(b²−4ac) / 2a — often the −b or the 4ac term.

🌱 the fix: The Quadratic Formula

Which of these is holding your kid back?

Take the free 3-minute Math Checkup. No answers given — just the exact misconception, and where it first broke.

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